Liugeng Ancestral Hall & Nanyegong Bookroom
- wongkwing
- 2020年11月19日
- 讀畢需時 6 分鐘
已更新：2023年4月30日
In Langtou Village (塱头村), Tanbu Town (炭步镇), Huadu District (花都区), Guangzhou (广州市), there are inscriptions and seals on the door plaques of the 15th generation ancestor Wong Hin Cheong (黄显章) in the Liugeng Ancestral Hall (留耕公祠) and Nanyegong Bookroom (南野公书舍).
Liugeng Ancestral Hall (留耕公祠)
Liugeng Ancestral Hall (留耕公祠) is located in the eastern Longtou Village (塱头村), Tanbu Town (炭步镇), Huadu District (花都区), Guangzhou (广州市). In the fourth year of Emperor Jiaqing (嘉庆) 1799 in the Qing Dynasty, Liugeng Ancestral Hall was rebuilt. The plaque at the top of the entrance inscribed "Liugeng Ancestral Hall" (留耕公祠).
The upper right section inscribed "rebuild in the mid winter of the fourth year of Emperor Jiaqing , again rebuild in the early summer of the eight years of Emperor Tongzhi"
(嘉庆四年己未仲冬吉旦重修，同治八年岁次己已孟夏重修)
The lower left section inscribed "granted the title of associate metropolitan graduates and observer graduates in the Ministry of Personnel and then chosen to be district magistrate. Here the grandnephew Hin Cheong makes Kowtows and offer respectfully the above words."
(赐进士出身吏部观政即选知县姪孙显章顿首拜书)
The seals (印章) are "Seal of Hin Cheong"(显章之印), "Dawen"(达文), "Bingchen Jinshi"(丙辰进士).
Interpretation of "grandnephew"(姪孙):
姪孙 (zhí sūn) is a Chinese term that refers to a nephew's son, which means the grandson of one's brother.
Wong Xin Cheong (黄显章), the 15th generation ancestor, inscribed the ancestral hall plaque for his grandfather's (the 13th generation ancestor Wong Yuansheng 黄元盛) brother.
The Liugeng Ancestral Hall (留耕公祠) worships the 13th generation ancestor of the Wong clan in Langtou Village (塱头村) , Wong Ju Zan (黄聚瓒) (1437-1484) from the Ming Dynasty, and the 15th generation ancestor Wong Hin Cheong (黄显章 ) (1744-1817) from the Qing Dynasty. There is a time span of more than 300 years between the two. The relationship between "grandnephew" and "granduncle" is unlikely. If they are descendants of blood relations, they can be called "yìsūn" (裔孙) instead.
It is possible that the term "grandnephew"(姪孙) is used based on the generational ranking, as the Wong clan in Langtou Village (塱头村) is the 13th generation ancestor and Wong Hin Cheong (黄显章) is the 15th generation ancestor of the Wong clan in Xinhui (新会), spanning two generations.
The seal (印章) provides some new information:
The 3 seals are "Seal of Xin Cheong"(显章之印), "Dawen"(达文), "Bingchen Jinshi"(丙辰进士).
The "Dawen"(达文) seal provides new information about the courtesy name (字) of the 15th generation ancestor Wong Xin Cheong (黄显章) . "Xin Cheong"(显章) is the given name (名) and "Dawen"(达文) is the courtesy name (字).
There is also a seal in the upper right corner. The content of the seal is not yet known.
Interpretation of "observer graduates in the Ministry of Personnel, selected to be district magistrate" (吏部观政即选知县) :
According to "the official imperial chronicles of the Jiaqing Era (嘉庆朝) in the Qing Dynasty" (清实录嘉庆朝实录), the appointment to an office of the 144 new metropolitan graduates "jinshi"(进士) in the first year of Emperor Jiaqing (嘉庆) 1796 was as follow:
The first rank and the top graduate was appointed to the Hanlin Academy (翰林院) for senior compilers "xiuzhuan"( 修撰).
The first rank and the second and third graduates were appointed to Hanlin Academy (翰林院) for junior compilers "bianxiu" (編修).
25 graduates were appointed as Hanlin bachelor (shujishi 翰林院庶吉士)
28 graduates were appointed as Secretary of Six Ministries (zhushi 主事) 分部学习.
26 graduates were appointed as Secretary of the Cabinet (zhongshu 中书) 内阁中书.
8 graduates were appointed as District magistrates (zhixian 知县)
10 graduates were appointed as Imperial college 国子监 instructor second class (xuezheng 学正) provost (xuelu 学录)
44 graduates to be appointed by the board of civil appointment (吏部归班铨选归).
In the first year of Emperor Jiaqing (嘉庆) 1796, the 15th generation ancestor Wong Xin Cheong (黄显章) graduated as third rank and 79th place. One of the 44 graduates to be appointed by the board of civil appointment (吏部归班铨选归).
In the fourth year of Emperor Jiaqing (嘉庆) 1799, he was still in the Ministry of Personnel (libu 吏部) as observer graduates (吏部观政), and he was included in the immediate selected to be district magistrate (即选知县).
According to the "Guangdong Local Chronicles Volume 50 Official List 41" (广东通志卷五十职官表四十一):
The 15th generation ancestor Wong Hin Cheong (黄显章) was appointed instructor in Confucian of Chaozhou prefectural school (潮州府教授) in the fifth year of Emperor Jiaqing (嘉庆) 1800.
Poems at the top of the entrance (石门额上的诗文)：
一枝秾艳露凝香，云雨巫山枉断肠。
名花倾国两相欢，长得君王带笑看。
寒雨连江夜入吴，平明送客楚山孤。
洛阳亲友如相问，一片冰心在玉壶。出自唐代王昌龄的《芙蓉楼送辛渐》
日长风暖柳青青，北雁归飞入窅冥。
岳阳城上闻吹笛，能使春心满洞庭。出自唐代贾至的《西亭春望》
回雁高飞太液池，新花低发上林枝。
年光到处皆堪赏，春色人间总不知。出自唐代张仲素的《汉苑行二首 其一》
青雀西飞竟未回，君王长在集灵台。
The Liugeng Ancestral Hall is dedicated to Wong Juzhan (黄聚瓒) (1437-1484), pseudonym Liugeng (号留耕), the 13th generation ancestor of the Longtou Village (塱头村) Wong clan, who was a metropolitan graduate (进士) in Ming Dynasty (天顺明代).
His father Wong Jun (黄俊), pseudonym Yuyin (号渔隐) who was a Xuande Ming Dynasty (宣德明代) metropolitan graduate (进士) (Yuyin Gong's Ancestral Hall 渔隐公祠), his son Wong Youlian (黄友连), pseudonym Banggao (号邦皋) who was a Huacheng Ming Dynasty (化成明代) metropolitan graduate (进士) (Youlian Gongshu Room 友连公书室).
Longtou Village (塱头村) is the place where the Wong family moved from Zhuji Lane (珠玑巷) in Nanxiong (南雄) during the Southern Song Dynasty. The 1st generation ancestor Weigong (维公), who fled from Zhongzhou (中洲) to Nanxiong (南雄) during the Southern Song Dynasty, then moved to Suijiayan (遂家焉) in the Nanhai county (南海). Wong Shiming (黄仕明), the 7th generation ancestor, moved to Longtou Village (塱头村) in the 27th year of Yuanzhizheng (元至正) 1367.
Longtou Village (塱头村) has a history of more than 800 years. The scale of the ancient village is huge, divided into three settlements lined up in Langdong (朗东), Langzhong (朗中) and Langxi (朗西). There are 388 ancient buildings, 34 study rooms, 18 ancient alleys, and 17 forts.
It has 12 metropolitan graduates (进士), 10 candidates (for the metropolitan exam) "juren" (举人) and 15 passed prefectural examination "xiucai" (秀才).
Nanyegong Bookroom (南野公书舍)
#21 is Nanyegong Bookroom (南野公书舍)，#11 is Liugeng Ancestral Hall (留耕公祠).
Nanyegong Bookroom (南野公书舍) is located in the central Langtou Village (塱头村), Tanbu Town (炭步镇), Huadu District (花都区), Guangzhou (广州市) .
"Nanyegong Bookroom"(南野公书舍) is engraved on the plaque at the of the entrance.
The upper right section is engraved with "Xinsi Year of Emperor Guangxu (1881)", there are twelve other words that are unclear.
(光绪岁次辛巳（1881年）)
The lower left section is engraved with "granted the title of associate metropolitan graduates and to be selected as district magistrates and current professors in Chaozhou Prefecture. Here the great grandnephew Hin Cheong makes Kowtows and offer respectfully the above words"
(赐进士出身揀选知县现任潮州府教授曾姪孙显章顿首拜书)，
"Rebuilt on an auspicious day in the early summer"
(孟夏谷旦重修)
Interpretation of "great grandnephew"(曾姪孙):
The Liugeng Ancestral Hall (留耕公祠) in Langtou Village (塱头村) is dedicated to Wong Ju Zan (黄聚瓒), the 13th generation ancestor of the Wong clan. As the Nanyegong Bookroom (南野公书舍) was the study room of Wong's 12th generation ancestor in Langtou Village (塱头村), the inscription uses the term "great grandnephew"(曾姪孙).
The seal (印章) is "Wong Hin Cheong Seal" (黄显章印).
Source: The above information is taken from the Internet.
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